{"product_id":"the-art-of-americanization-at-the-carlisle-indian-school-9780826349217","title":"The Art of Americanization at the Carlisle Indian School","description":"\u003cp\u003eEstablished by an act of Congress in 1879, the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in central Pennsylvania was conceived as a paramilitary residential boarding school that would solve the then-pressing \"Indian Question\" by forcibly assimilating and Americanizing Native American youth. A major part of this process was the so-called before and after portrait, which displayed the individual in his or her allegedly degenerate state before Americanization, and then again following its conclusion.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn this historical study, Mauro analyzes the visual imagery produced at the Carlisle Indian Industrial School as a specific instance of the aesthetics of Americanization at work. His work combines a consideration of cultural contexts and themes specific to the United States of the time and critical theory to flesh out innovative historical readings of the photographic materials.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eHayes Peter Mauro\u003c\/b\u003e teaches art and photography at Queensborough Community College in New York.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"University of New Mexico Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":52103660536082,"sku":"9780826349217","price":32.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_4c171833-9a2b-4436-ad7d-263119d5d3f1.jpg?v=1773152130","url":"https:\/\/surprise-castle.myshopify.com\/products\/the-art-of-americanization-at-the-carlisle-indian-school-9780826349217","provider":"Surprise Castle","version":"1.0","type":"link"}