{"product_id":"sweet-fuel-a-political-and-environmental-history-of-brazilian-ethanol-9780197510681","title":"Sweet Fuel: A Political and Environmental History of Brazilian Ethanol","description":"As the hazards of carbon emissions increase and governments around the world seek to reduce reliance on fossil fuels, the search for clean and affordable alternate energies has become an increasing priority in the twenty-first century. However, one nation has already been producing such a fuel for almost a century: Brazil. Its sugarcane-based ethanol is the most efficient biofuel on the global fuel market, and the South American nation is the largest biofuel exporter in the world. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cem\u003eSweet Fuel \u003c\/em\u003eoffers the first full historical account of the industry's origins. The Brazilian government mandated a mixture of ethanol in the national fuel supply in the 1930s, and the success of the program led the military dictatorship to expand the industry and create the national program Pro?lcool in 1975. Private businessmen, politicians, and national and international automobile manufacturers together leveraged national interests to support this program. By 1985, over 95% of all new cars in the country ran exclusively on ethanol, and, after consumers turned away from them when oil was cheap, the government successfully promoted flex fuel cars instead. Yet, as Jennifer Eaglin shows, the industry's growth came with associated environmental and social costs in the form of water pollution from liquid waste generated during ethanol distillation and exploitative rural labor practices that reshaped Brazil's countryside. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eBy examining the shifting perceptions of the industry from a sugar byproduct to a national energy solution to a global clean energy option, \u003cem\u003eSweet Fuel \u003c\/em\u003eultimately reveals deeper truths about what a global large-scale transition away from fossil fuels might look like and challenges idealized views of green industries.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJennifer Eaglin\u003c\/strong\u003e is an assistant professor of environmental history\/sustainability at The Ohio State University. Her dissertation won the Lewis Hanke Award of the Conference on Latin American History.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50387300712722,"sku":"9780197510681","price":58.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_65b86e2a-b616-41fb-8712-15684d364835.jpg?v=1728877389","url":"https:\/\/surprise-castle.myshopify.com\/products\/sweet-fuel-a-political-and-environmental-history-of-brazilian-ethanol-9780197510681","provider":"Surprise Castle","version":"1.0","type":"link"}