{"product_id":"building-access-universal-design-and-the-politics-of-disability-9781517901646","title":"Building Access: Universal Design and the Politics of Disability","description":"\u003cp\u003e\"All too often,\" wrote disabled architect Ronald Mace, \"designers don't take the needs of disabled and elderly people into account.\" \u003ci\u003eBuilding Access\u003c\/i\u003e investigates twentieth-century strategies for designing the world with disability in mind. Commonly understood in terms of curb cuts, automatic doors, Braille signs, and flexible kitchens, Universal Design purported to create a built environment for everyone, not only the average citizen. But who counts as \"everyone,\" Aimi Hamraie asks, and how can designers know? Blending technoscience studies and design history with critical disability, race, and feminist theories, Building Access interrogates the historical, cultural, and theoretical contexts for these questions, offering a groundbreaking critical history of Universal Design. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHamraie reveals that the twentieth-century shift from \"design for the average\" to \"design for all\" took place through liberal political, economic, and scientific structures concerned with defining the disabled user and designing in its name. Tracing the co-evolution of accessible design for disabled veterans, a radical disability maker movement, disability rights law, and strategies for diversifying the architecture profession, Hamraie shows that Universal Design was not just an approach to creating new products or spaces, but also a sustained, understated activist movement challenging dominant understandings of disability in architecture, medicine, and society.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIllustrated with a wealth of rare archival materials, \u003ci\u003eBuilding Access\u003c\/i\u003e brings together scientific, social, and political histories in what is not only the pioneering critical account of Universal Design but also a deep engagement with the politics of knowing, making, and belonging in twentieth-century United States.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eAimi Hamraie is assistant professor of Medicine, Health, and Society and American studies at Vanderbilt University.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"University of Minnesota Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50504854241554,"sku":"9781517901646","price":32.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_ef06149c-9b97-4ec7-8a89-994e91b90943.jpg?v=1730829512","url":"https:\/\/surprise-castle.myshopify.com\/products\/building-access-universal-design-and-the-politics-of-disability-9781517901646","provider":"Surprise Castle","version":"1.0","type":"link"}