{"product_id":"before-l-a-race-space-and-municipal-power-in-los-angeles-1781-1894","title":"Before L.A.: Race, Space, and Municipal Power in Los Angeles, 1781-1894","description":"David Torres-Rouff significantly expands borderlands history by examining the past and original urban infrastructure of one of America's most prominent cities; its social, spatial, and racial divides and boundaries; and how it came to be the Los Angeles we know today. It is a fascinating study of how an innovative intercultural community developed along racial lines, and how immigrants from the United States engineered a profound shift in civic ideals and the physical environment, creating a social and spatial rupture that endures to this day.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eDavid Samuel Torres-Rouff\u003c\/b\u003e is an assistant professor of history at the University of California, Merced. He lives in Merced, CA.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Yale University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50410051010834,"sku":"9780300141238","price":93.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_6841d1f4-a65f-407a-afc0-9d19a7eaca36.jpg?v=1729300551","url":"https:\/\/surprise-castle.myshopify.com\/products\/before-l-a-race-space-and-municipal-power-in-los-angeles-1781-1894","provider":"Surprise Castle","version":"1.0","type":"link"}