{"product_id":"ancient-middle-niger-urbanism-and-the-self-organizing-landscape-9780521012430","title":"Ancient Middle Niger: Urbanism and the Self-Organizing Landscape","description":"The cities of West Africa's Middle Niger, only recently brought to the world's attention, make us rethink the 'whys' and the 'wheres' of ancient urbanism. They present the archaeologist with a novelty; a non-nucleated, clustered city-plan with no centralized, state-focused power. This book explores the emergence of these cities in the first millennium B.C. and the evolution of their hinterlands from the perspective of the self-organized landscape. Cities appeared in a series of profound transforms to the human-land relations and this book illustrates how each transform marked a leap in complexity.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003eMcIntosh, Roderick J.:\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e - Roderick J. McIntosh is Professor of Anthropology at Rice University and visiting Professor of Archaeology at the University of Pretoria, South Africa. His recent publications include The Peoples of Middle Niger: Island of Gold (1998), The Way the Wind Blows: Climate, History, and Human Action (2000) and Geomorphology and Human Palaeoecology of the Méma, Mali (2005).","brand":"Cambridge University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50412616024338,"sku":"9780521012430","price":36.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_525727e6-5ca6-4078-9a62-d77c378cb064.jpg?v=1729318503","url":"https:\/\/surprise-castle.myshopify.com\/products\/ancient-middle-niger-urbanism-and-the-self-organizing-landscape-9780521012430","provider":"Surprise Castle","version":"1.0","type":"link"}