{"title":"Metaphysics Books","description":"\u003cp\u003eMetaphysics books explore some of philosophy’s deepest questions: What is ultimately real? What does it mean to exist? Do we have free will? What is the nature of time, space, and identity? As one of the oldest branches of philosophy, metaphysics investigates the fundamental structure of reality beyond immediate experience. If you’re curious about existence at its most basic level, \u003cstrong\u003eexplore our Metaphysics collection and discover books that examine reality with depth and rigor.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetaphysics goes beyond surface appearances to ask what lies beneath — the principles, entities, and structures that make the world what it is. It connects with science, theology, logic, and everyday questions about identity and change.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt its core, metaphysics asks what there is — and what it means for something to be.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/metaphysics-01.webp?v=1770899384\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhy Readers Turn to Metaphysics Books\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReaders choose metaphysics books to explore foundational philosophical issues. Common interests include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe nature of reality and existence\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFree will and determinism\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe relationship between mind and matter\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTime, space, and causation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese books challenge assumptions about how the world is structured.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhat Defines Metaphysics\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetaphysics studies being, existence, and the basic categories of reality. Books in this category are often defined by:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnalysis of substance, identity, and change\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExploration of causation and possibility\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDebate over materialism and dualism\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExamination of necessity, contingency, and universals\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe goal is clarity about the structure of the world.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMetaphysical Themes You’ll Find Here\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis collection may include works covering major topics such as:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBeing and Existence\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhat it means for something to exist\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFree Will and Determinism\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhether human actions are truly free\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMind and Matter\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe relationship between consciousness and the physical world\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTime and Space\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhether time flows and how space is structured\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTogether, these themes define core metaphysical inquiry.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/metaphysics-02.webp?v=1770899384\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIdentity and Change\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany metaphysics books examine how things persist over time. Common questions include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat makes a person the same over time?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow do objects change yet remain themselves?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAre identities fixed or relational?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat defines personal identity?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIdentity lies at the center of metaphysical debate.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCausation and Possibility\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetaphysics also studies how events relate to one another. Topics often include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCause and effect\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNecessary and possible worlds\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLaws of nature\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eModal reasoning and possibility\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnderstanding causation shapes how we interpret events.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReality Beyond Appearance\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA key focus of metaphysics is distinguishing appearance from underlying reality. These books may explore:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaterialism vs. idealism\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe existence of abstract objects\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe nature of universals\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOntology and categories of being\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetaphysics seeks what is fundamental.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePopular Metaphysics Books\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you’re looking for influential and widely read works in metaphysics, these titles are often recommended:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/surprisecastle.com\/products\/aristotles-metaphysics-9780997314090\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMetaphysics – Aristotle\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFoundational text on being and substance\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/surprisecastle.com\/products\/being-and-time-9780061575594\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBeing and Time – Martin Heidegger\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003eExploration of existence and temporality\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/surprisecastle.com\/products\/naming-and-necessity-9780631128014\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNaming and Necessity – Saul Kripke\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIdentity, language, and necessity\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/surprisecastle.com\/products\/the-problems-of-philosophy-9781958437469\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Problems of Philosophy – Bertrand Russell\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIntroduction to core philosophical issues\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/surprisecastle.com\/products\/reality-virtual-worlds-and-the-problems-of-philosophy-9781324050346\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReality+: Virtual Worlds and the Problems of Philosophy – David Chalmers\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003eContemporary exploration of reality and simulation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese works span classical and modern metaphysical thought.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/metaphysics-03.webp?v=1770899384\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHow to Choose the Right Metaphysics Book\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe right book depends on your background and interest. Consider whether you’re seeking:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClassical philosophical foundations\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eContemporary analytic debates\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExploration of mind-body questions\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDiscussions of free will\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIntroductory surveys or advanced theory\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChoosing by theme and complexity can guide your reading.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReading Metaphysics Thoughtfully\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetaphysics often requires patient, careful reading. Many readers find it helpful to:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBreak arguments into smaller parts\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClarify definitions of key terms\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompare different philosophical positions\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReflect on intuitive assumptions about reality\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetaphysical questions rarely have simple answers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSummary\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMetaphysics books examine the fundamental structure of reality and existence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExploration of being, identity, and causation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDebate over free will, mind, and matter\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInquiry into time, space, and possibility\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you want to explore philosophy at its most foundational level, \u003cstrong\u003eexplore our Metaphysics collection and discover books that question what it means to exist.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/metaphysics-04.webp?v=1770899384\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFAQs\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhat is metaphysics?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIt is the branch of philosophy that studies reality, existence, and the nature of being.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIs metaphysics abstract?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eYes, it often deals with highly theoretical questions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDo I need prior philosophy knowledge?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNot necessarily. Some books offer accessible introductions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIs metaphysics connected to science?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIt overlaps with scientific questions about time, space, and reality, but approaches them philosophically.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhy study metaphysics?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBecause it explores the most fundamental questions about what is real and how existence is structured.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"more-how-to-win-at-aptitude-tests-9780007112579","title":"More How to Win at Aptitude Tests","description":"\u003cp\u003eA key guide to the latest developments in assessment and aptitude testing.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAptitude tests - also known as psychometric or IQ tests - are being relied on more and more by employers, schools and colleges. This book clearly explains how to be prepared for every aspect of the aptitude tests as well as tips on handling follow-up interviews. It incorporates new graduate and managerial level tests, as well as up-to-date information on internet-based methods of selection. More How To Win At Aptitude Tests is an essential aid for anyone faced with an aptitude or psychometric test. Includes: \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHow to Boost your Numerical ability\u003cbr\u003e- Improve your Verbal, Abstract and Spatial reasoning\u003cbr\u003e- Increase your Speed and Accuracy.\u003cbr\u003e- Answers are supplied for every test.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eHealy explains how to best prepare for the test and what to expect from the session itself, as well as the follow-up\/validation interview.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eLiam Healy is an occupational psychologist. He publishes psychometric tests for major organizations and has pioneered the use of the internet for psychometric assessment and career development work for blue-chip clients all over the world.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Thorsons","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50317775405330,"sku":"9780007112579","price":7.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_76ce15e7-8206-4b57-a963-ab26230031b1.jpg?v=1727539853"},{"product_id":"categories-we-live-by-the-construction-of-sex-gender-race-and-other-social-categories-9780190256807","title":"Categories We Live by: The Construction of Sex, Gender, Race, and Other Social Categories","description":"\u003cp\u003eWe are women, we are men. We are refugees, single mothers, people with disabilities, and queers. We belong to social categories and they frame our actions, self-understanding, and opportunities. But what are social categories? How are they created and sustained? How does one come to belong to them?\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e?sta approaches these questions through analytic feminist metaphysics. Her theory of social categories centers on an answer to the question: what is it for a feature of an individual to be socially meaningful? In a careful, probing investigation, she reveals how social categories are created and sustained and demonstrates their tendency to oppress through examples from current events. To this end, she offers an account of just what social construction is and how it works in a range of examples that problematize the categories of sex, gender, and race in particular. The main idea is that social categories are conferred upon people. ?sta introduces a 'conferralist' framework in order to articulate a theory of social meaning, social construction, and most importantly, of the construction of sex, gender, race, disability, and other social categories.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eÁsta\u003c\/strong\u003e is Professor of Philosophy at San Francisco State University. She works mainly in metaphysics, feminist philosophy, and social philosophy and on related topics in epistemology and philosophy of language.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50318198866194,"sku":"9780190256807","price":56.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_50b1b200-0352-4392-a71d-cbe75666a965.jpg?v=1727550773"},{"product_id":"locke-on-knowledge-and-reality-a-commentary-on-an-essay-concerning-human-understanding-9780190662202","title":"Locke on Knowledge and Reality: A Commentary on An Essay Concerning Human Understanding","description":"Georges Dicker here provides a commentary on John Locke's masterwork, An Essay Concerning Human Understanding-the foundational work of classical Empiricism. Dicker's commentary is an accessible guide for students who are reading Locke for the first time; a useful research tool for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students; and a contribution to Locke scholarship for professional scholars. It is designed to be read alongside the Essay, but does not presuppose familiarity with it.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGeorges Dicker\u003c\/strong\u003e is Distinguished Professor of Philosophy and Chair of the Philosophy Department at the College at Brockport, State University of New York. He is the author of \u003cem\u003eDewey's Theory of Knowing, Perceptual Knowledge: An Analytical and Historical Study\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eDescartes: An Analytical and Historical Introduction\u003c\/em\u003e (First and Second Editions), \u003cem\u003eHume's Epistemology and Metaphysics: An Introduction, Kant's Theory of Knowledge: An Analytical Introduction, Berkeley's Idealism: A Critical Examination\u003c\/em\u003e, and numerous journal articles, chapters in edited volumes, and reviews.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50318225375506,"sku":"9780190662202","price":44.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_68d3cebc-4ea6-4aac-bf47-3abc71573160.jpg?v=1727551242"},{"product_id":"margaret-cavendish-essential-writings-9780190664060","title":"Margaret Cavendish: Essential Writings","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe Seventeenth-Century philosopher, scientist, poet, playwright, and novelist Margaret Cavendish went to battle with the great thinkers of her time, and arguably got the better of them in many cases. She took a creative and systematic stand on the major questions of philosophy of mind, epistemology, metaphysics, and political philosophy. She argued that human beings and all other members of the created universe are purely material creatures, and she held that there are many other ways in which creatures are alike as well: for example, human beings, non-human animals, spiders, cells, and all other beings exhibit skill, wisdom, and activity, and so the universe of matter is not the largely dead and unimpressive region that most of her contemporaries thought it to be. Creatures instead are sophisticated and display a wide spectrum of intelligent activity, ranging from the highly conscious mentality that Descartes posited to be part and parcel of human thought, to embodied forms of cognition that is more common in non-human creatures but that guide a significant portion of human behavior as well. Cavendish then used her fictional work to further illustrate her views and arguments, and also to craft alternative fictional worlds in which the climate for women was very different than on Seventeenth-Century earth - a climate in which women could be taken seriously in the role of philosopher, writer, scientist, military general, and other roles.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis is the first volume to provide a cross-section of Cavendish's writings, views and arguments, along with introductory material. It excerpts the key portions of all her texts including annotated notes highlighting the interconnections between them. Including a general introduction by Cunning, the book will allow students to work toward a systematic picture of Cavendish's metaphysics, epistemology, and political philosophy (and including some of her non-philosophical work as well) and to see her in dialogue with philosophers who are part of the traditional canon.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Cunning\u003c\/strong\u003e is Professor of Philosophy and Collegiate Scholar at the University of Iowa, where he is also Chair of the Philosophy Department. His primary research and teaching interests are in history of early modern philosophy, with a focus on the mind-body problem, the nature of mind, embodied intelligence, free will, the relative autonomy and interdependence of creatures, and gender. He is also interested in the rhetorical issue of how philosophers write with an eye to the audience that is receiving them.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50318226522386,"sku":"9780190664060","price":49.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_877fa55c-b684-49c2-a670-0ec204b2e0f6.jpg?v=1727551259"},{"product_id":"ontology-made-easy-9780190878665","title":"Ontology Made Easy","description":"In the decades following Quine, debates about existence have taken center stage in the metaphysics. But neo-Quinean ontology has reached a crisis point, given the endless proliferation of positions and lack of any clear idea of how to resolve debates. The most prominent challenge to mainstream ontological debates has come from the idea that disputants can be seen as using the quantifier with different meanings, leaving the dispute merely verbal. Nearly all of the work in defense of hard ontology has gone into arguing against quantifier variance. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eThis volume argues that hard ontology faces an entirely different challenge, which remains even if the threat of quantifier variance can be avoided. The challenge comes from the 'easy approach to ontology': a view that is arguably the heir to Carnap's own position. The idea of the easy approach is that many ontological questions can be answered by undertaking trivial inferences from uncontroversial premises, making prolonged disputes about the questions out of place. This book aims to develop the easy approach to ontology, showing how it leads to both a first-order simple realism about the disputed entities and a form of meta-ontological deflationism that takes ontological disputes themselves to be misguided, since existence questions may be answered by straightforward conceptual and\/or empirical work. It also aims to defend the easy approach against a range of arguments wielded against it and to show it to be a viable and attractive alternative to the quagmire of hard ontology.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAmie Thomasson\u003c\/strong\u003e is Professor of Philosophy and Cooper Fellow in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Miami. She is the author of \u003cem\u003eOrdinary Objects and Fiction and Metaphysics\u003c\/em\u003e, and co-editor (with David W. Smith) of \u003cem\u003ePhenomenology and Philosophy of Mind\u003c\/em\u003e. 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When the chemicals diffusing in the primordial waters came together to form the first living cell, that was emergence. When the activities of the neurons in the brain result in mind, that too is emergence.\u003cbr\u003e In \u003cem\u003eThe Emergence of Everything\u003c\/em\u003e, one of the leading scientists involved in the study of complexity, Harold J. Morowitz, takes us on a sweeping tour of the universe, a tour with 28 stops, each one highlighting a particularly important moment of emergence. For instance, Morowitz illuminates the emergence of the stars, the birth of the elements and of the periodic table, and the appearance of solar systems and planets. We look at the emergence of living cells, animals, vertebrates, reptiles, and mammals, leading to the great apes and the appearance of humanity. He also examines tool making, the evolution of language, the invention of agriculture and technology, and the birth of cities. And as he offers these insights into the evolutionary unfolding of our universe, our solar system, and life itself, Morowitz also seeks out the nature of God in the emergent universe, the God posited by Spinoza, Bruno, and Einstein, a God Morowitz argues we can know through a study of the laws of nature. \u003cbr\u003e Written by one of our wisest scientists, \u003cem\u003eThe Emergence of Everything\u003c\/em\u003e offers a fascinating new way to look at the universe and the natural world, and it makes an important contribution to the dialogue between science and religion.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHarold J. Morowitz\u003c\/strong\u003e is Clarence Robinson Professor of Biology and Natural Philosophy at George Mason University and the former Director of the Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, in Fairfax, Virginia. 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So physicists and philosophers have often been led either to give up on the idea that quantum theory describes reality, or to modify or augment the theory. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eThe Everett interpretation of quantum mechanics takes the apparent craziness seriously, and asks, \"what would it be like if particles really were in two places at once, if cats really were alive and dead at the same time?\" The answer, it turns out, is that if the world were like that--if it were as quantum theory claims--it would be a world that, at the macroscopic level, was constantly branching into copies--hence the more sensationalist name for the Everett interpretation, the \"many worlds theory.\" But really, the interpretation is not sensationalist at all: it simply takes quantum theory seriously, literally, as a description of the world. Once dismissed as absurd, it is now accepted by many physicists as the best way to make coherent sense of quantum theory. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eDavid Wallace offers a clear and up-to-date survey of work on the Everett interpretation in physics and in philosophy of science, and at the same time provides a self-contained and thoroughly modern account of it--an account which is accessible to readers who have previously studied quantum theory at undergraduate level, and which will shape the future direction of research by leading experts in the field.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDavid Wallace\u003c\/strong\u003e was born in San Rafael, California, in 1976, but has been resident in the UK since 1977. 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The biological domain is organised as an interdependent hierarchy of processes, which are stabilized and actively maintained at different timescales. Even entities that intuitively appear to be paradigms of things, such as organisms, are actually better understood as processes. Unlike previous attempts to articulate processual views of biology, which have tended to use Alfred North Whitehead's panpsychist metaphysics as a foundation, this book takes a naturalistic approach to metaphysics. It submits that the main motivations for replacing an ontology of substances with one of processes are to be found in the empirical findings of science. Biology provides compelling reasons for thinking that the living realm is fundamentally dynamic, and that the existence of things is always conditional on the existence of processes. The phenomenon of life cries out for theories that prioritise processes over things, and it suggests that the central explanandum of biology is not change but rather stability, or more precisely, stability attained through constant change. This edited volume brings together philosophers of science and metaphysicians interested in exploring the prospects of a processual philosophy of biology. The contributors draw on an extremely wide range of biological case studies, and employ a process perspective to cast new light on a number of traditional philosophical problems, such as identity, persistence, and individuality.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDaniel J. Nicholson\u003c\/strong\u003e is a research fellow currently based at Egenis, The Centre for the Study of Life Sciences, at the University of Exeter. 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Each of the essays in Part Three, which draw inspiration from the early work of Wittgenstein, indicate how the resulting tension between Parts One and Two is to be resolved: namely, by construing the first part as a thesis about states of knowledge or understanding, and the second part as a thesis about facts or truths.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA.W. Moore, \u003cem\u003eSt Hugh's College, University of Oxford\u003c\/em\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eA.W. Moore is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Oxford and Tutorial Fellow in Philosophy at St Hugh's College, Oxford, where he is also Vice-Principal. He studied Philosophy as an undergraduate in Cambridge and did postgraduate work in Oxford, where he obtained his doctorate under the supervision of Michael Dummett. He has held teaching and research positions at University College, Oxford, and King's College, Cambridge, and is one of Bernard Williams' literary executors. He is joint editor, with Lucy O'Brien, of the journal \u003cem\u003eMind\u003c\/em\u003e. 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While all of these claims are indispensable elements of our view of ourselves as human agents, they are in continuous conflict and tension with one another, especially once one adopts the currently predominant view of what the natural order must be like. One of the central tasks of philosophy of action consists in showing how, despite appearances, these conflicts can be resolved and our self-understanding as agents be vindicated. The mainstream of contemporary philosophy of action holds that this task can only be fulfilled by an event-causal reductive view of human agency, paradigmatically embodied in the so-called 'standard model' developed by Donald Davidson. Erasmus Mayr, in contrast, develops a new agent-causal solution to these conflicts and shows why this solution is superior both to event-causalist accounts and to Von Wright's intentionalism about agency. He offers a comprehensive theory of substance-causation on the basis of a realist conception of powers, which allows one to see how the widespread rejection of agent-causation rests on an unfounded 'Humean' view of nature and of causal processes. At the same time, Mayr addresses the question of the nature of reasons for acting and complements its substance-causal account of activity with a non-causal account of acting for reasons in terms of following a standard of success.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eErasmus Mayr\u003c\/strong\u003e is Lecturer in Philosophy at Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich. 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In doing so, he connects these questions with many important metaphysical topics, including substance and accident, time and persistence, the nature of ontological categories, possibility and necessity, presence and absence, persons and value, ground and consequence, and essence and accident. \u003cbr\u003eIn addition to discussing contemporary problems and theories, McDaniel also discusses the ontological views of many important figures in the history of philosophy, including Aquinas, Aristotle, Descartes, Heidegger, Husserl, Kant, Leibniz, Meinong, and many more.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eKris McDaniel, \u003cem\u003eProfessor of Philosophy, Syracuse University\u003c\/em\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eKris McDaniel is Professor of Philosophy at Syracuse University, New York. 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The consequences of the author's metaphysical theory for central issues in the philosophy of science are explored, including the implications for the realism vs. empiricism debate, the role of causation in scientific explanations, the nature of causation and laws, the status of abstract and virtual objects, and the objective reality of natural kinds\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50318381711634,"sku":"9780199573097","price":61.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_5426e88c-1466-49ed-80ac-2f594773eb39.jpg?v=1727554483"},{"product_id":"natures-metaphysics-laws-and-properties-9780199573110","title":"Nature's Metaphysics: Laws and Properties","description":"\u003cem\u003eNature's Metaphysics\u003c\/em\u003e argues that a satisfactory philosophy of science requires a metaphysics that is based on the understanding that natural properties are essentially dispositional. 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Physics straightforwardly postulates quarks and electrons, but what of the more intangible elements, such as laws of nature, universals, causation and the direction of time? Do they have a place in the physical structure of the world? \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eTim Maudlin argues that the ontology derived from physics takes a form quite different from those most commonly defended by philosophers. Physics postulates irreducible fundamental laws, eschews universals, does not require a fundamental notion of causation, and makes room for the passage of time. In a series of linked essays \u003cem\u003eThe Metaphysics Within Physics \u003c\/em\u003eoutlines an approach to metaphysics opposed to the Humean reductionism that motivates much analytical metaphysics.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTim Maudlin \u003c\/strong\u003eis Professor of Philosophy at Rutgers.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50318384103698,"sku":"9780199575374","price":53.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_347b5353-4f7f-496a-bf4d-b53c008f1a77.jpg?v=1727554501"},{"product_id":"truth-as-one-and-many-9780199596300","title":"Truth as One and Many","description":"What is truth? Michael Lynch defends a bold new answer to this question. Traditional theories of truth hold that truth has only a single uniform nature. 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