{"title":"Ancient Philosophy Books","description":"\u003cp\u003eAncient philosophy books explore the earliest systematic attempts to understand reality, ethics, knowledge, politics, and human nature. Rooted primarily in Greek and Roman thought, this category examines the foundational ideas that shaped centuries of intellectual tradition. If you want to engage with the thinkers who first asked many of philosophy’s enduring questions, \u003cstrong\u003eexplore our Ancient Philosophy collection and discover books that trace the origins of Western philosophical thought.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAncient philosophy laid the groundwork for logic, metaphysics, ethics, political theory, and natural philosophy. From the pre-Socratics to Plato, Aristotle, and the Stoics, these works continue to influence modern debates about truth, virtue, and society.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany philosophical conversations still begin here.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/ancient-philosophy-01.webp?v=1770899505\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhy Readers Turn to Ancient Philosophy Books\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReaders choose ancient philosophy books to explore the foundations of major philosophical traditions. Common interests include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe origins of logic and systematic reasoning\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClassical ethics and virtue\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEarly political theory and civic life\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first metaphysical explanations of the world\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese texts offer historical depth and enduring relevance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhat Defines Ancient Philosophy\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAncient philosophy is often defined by:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEmphasis on reasoned argument and dialogue\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExploration of virtue and the good life\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInquiry into nature and the cosmos\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDevelopment of early political and ethical systems\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt represents philosophy in its formative stages.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/ancient-philosophy-02.webp?v=1770899505\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAncient Philosophy Traditions You’ll Find Here\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis collection may include works from major schools such as:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePre-Socratic Philosophy\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eEarly inquiries into nature, change, and the cosmos\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePlatonism\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTheory of forms, justice, and the nature of knowledge\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAristotelian Philosophy\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLogic, metaphysics, ethics, and natural science\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStoicism, Epicureanism, and Skepticism\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePractical ethics and approaches to living well\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTogether, these schools shaped intellectual history for centuries.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVirtue and the Good Life\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMany ancient philosophers focused on how to live well. Common themes include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMoral character and habit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHappiness (eudaimonia) and fulfillment\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReason as a guide to action\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBalance and moderation\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEthics was central to philosophical inquiry.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKnowledge and Reality\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAncient thinkers also explored fundamental metaphysical and epistemological questions, such as:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat is knowledge?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat is ultimately real?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow does change occur?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat is the nature of the soul?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese questions continue to influence philosophy today.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/ancient-philosophy-04.webp?v=1770899505\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePolitics and Civic Life\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePolitical thought emerged strongly in ancient philosophy. Topics often include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJustice and governance\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitizenship and civic responsibility\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ideal state\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLaw and moral order\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAncient political theory still shapes modern discussions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePopular Ancient Philosophy Books\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you’re looking for foundational and widely read works from ancient philosophy, these titles are often recommended:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/surprisecastle.com\/products\/the-republic-of-plato-9780465094080\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Republic – Plato\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003eJustice, education, and the ideal state\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/surprisecastle.com\/products\/nicomachean-ethics-aristotle-9781718666054\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNicomachean Ethics – Aristotle\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003eVirtue and the good life\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/surprisecastle.com\/products\/meditations-of-marcus-aurelius-9781684223107\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMeditations – Marcus Aurelius\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003eStoic reflection on duty and resilience\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/surprisecastle.com\/products\/senecas-letters-from-a-stoic-9781684116379\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLetters from a Stoic – Seneca\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePractical Stoic philosophy\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/surprisecastle.com\/products\/the-enchiridion-of-epictetus-9781387647934\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Enchiridion – Epictetus\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConcise teachings on Stoic living\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese works represent diverse ancient schools of thought.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/ancient-philosophy-03.webp?v=1770899505\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHow to Choose the Right Ancient Philosophy Book\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe right book depends on your interests and familiarity. Consider whether you’re seeking:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEthical guidance and practical philosophy\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePolitical theory and justice\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFoundational metaphysics\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIntroductory overviews or primary texts\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStoic, Platonic, or Aristotelian perspectives\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChoosing by school or theme can guide your reading.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eReading Ancient Philosophy Thoughtfully\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAncient texts often benefit from slow, reflective reading. Many readers find it helpful to:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnderstand historical context\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFollow dialogues and arguments carefully\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompare different schools\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReflect on modern relevance\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese works invite both analysis and application.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSummary\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAncient Philosophy books explore the origins of Western philosophical inquiry.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFoundations of ethics, logic, and political theory\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExploration of virtue, knowledge, and reality\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnduring influence on later philosophical traditions\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you want to engage with the thinkers who shaped the earliest philosophical frameworks, \u003cstrong\u003eexplore our Ancient Philosophy collection and discover books that continue to inform how we think today.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/ancient-philosophy-05.webp?v=1770899505\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFAQs\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhat period does ancient philosophy cover?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePrimarily Greek and Roman philosophy from the 6th century BCE to late antiquity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIs ancient philosophy practical or theoretical?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIt includes both systematic theory and practical guidance for living.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAre these texts difficult to read?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSome can be dense, but many editions include helpful introductions and commentary.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDid ancient philosophy influence modern thought?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eYes. Many modern philosophical ideas trace back to ancient foundations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhy read ancient philosophy?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBecause it addresses timeless questions about virtue, justice, and human nature.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"the-oxford-handbook-of-aristotle-9780190244842","title":"The Oxford Handbook of Aristotle","description":"\u003cem\u003eThe Oxford Handbook of Aristotle\u003c\/em\u003e reflects the lively international character of Aristotelian studies, drawing contributors from the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, France, Switzerland, Italy, Canada, and Japan; it also, appropriately, includes a preponderance of authors from the University of Oxford, which has been a center of Aristotelian studies for many centuries. The volume equally reflects the broad range of activity Aristotelian studies comprise today: such activity ranges from the primarily textual and philological to the application of broadly Aristotelian themes to contemporary problems irrespective of their narrow textual fidelity. In between these extremes one finds the core of Aristotelian scholarship as it is practiced today, and as it is primarily represented in this \u003cem\u003eHandbook\u003c\/em\u003e: textual exegesis and criticism. Even within this more limited core activity, one witnesses a rich range of pursuits, with some scholars seeking primarily to understand Aristotle in his own philosophical milieu and others seeking rather to place him into direct conversation with contemporary philosophers and their present-day concerns. No one of these enterprises exhausts the field. On the contrary, one of the most welcome and enlivening features of the contemporary Aristotelian scene is precisely the cross-fertilization these mutually beneficial and complementary activities offer one another. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eThe volume, prefaced with an introduction to Aristotle's life and works by the editor, covers the main areas of Aristotelian philosophy and intellectual enquiry: ethics, metaphysics, politics, logic, language, psychology, rhetoric, poetics, theology, physical and biological investigation, and philosophical method. It also, and distinctively, looks both backwards and forwards: two chapters recount Aristotle's treatment of earlier philosophers, who proved formative to his own orientations and methods, and another three chapters chart the long afterlife of Aristotle's philosophy, in Late Antiquity, in the Islamic World, and in the Latin West.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChristopher Shields\u003c\/strong\u003e is George N. Shuster Professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame. He is the author of\u003cem\u003e Order in Multiplicity: Homonymy in the Philosophy of Aristotle\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e Classical Philosophy: A Contemporary Introduction\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAristotle\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eAncient Philosophy: A Contemporary Introduction\u003c\/em\u003e, and, with Robert Pasnau, \u003cem\u003eThe Philosophy of Thomas Aquinas\u003c\/em\u003e. He is the editor of \u003cem\u003eThe Blackwell Guide to Ancient Philosophy\u003c\/em\u003e. Forthcoming is \u003cem\u003eAristotle's\u003c\/em\u003e De Anima, Translated with Introduction and Notes\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50318197981458,"sku":"9780190244842","price":63.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_b4f4398c-a138-4035-b75a-37b6200073ec.jpg?v=1727550737"},{"product_id":"belief-and-truth-a-skeptic-reading-of-plato-9780190277192","title":"Belief and Truth: A Skeptic Reading of Plato","description":"Katja Maria Vogt's Belief and Truth: A Skeptic Reading of Plato explores a Socratic intuition about the difference between belief and knowledge. Beliefs -- doxai -- are deficient cognitive attitudes. In believing something, one accepts some content as true without knowing that it is true; one holds something to be true that could turn out to be false. Since our actions reflect what we hold to be true, holding beliefs is potentially harmful for oneself and others. Accordingly, beliefs are ethically worrisome and even, in the words of Plato's Socrates, \"shameful.\" As Vogt argues, this is a serious philosophical proposal and it speaks to intuitions we are likely to share. But it involves a notion of belief that is rather different from contemporary notions. Today, it is a widespread assumption that true beliefs are better than false beliefs, and that some true beliefs (perhaps those that come with justifications) qualify as knowledge. Socratic epistemology offers a genuinely different picture. In aiming for knowledge, one must aim to get rid of beliefs. Knowledge does not entail belief -- belief and knowledge differ in such important ways that they cannot both count as kinds of belief. As long as one does not have knowledge, one should reserve judgment and investigate by thinking through possible ways of seeing things. According to Vogt, the ancient skeptics and Stoics draw many of these ideas from Plato's dialogues, revising Socratic-Platonic arguments as they see fit. Belief and Truth retraces their steps through interpretations of the Apology, Ion, Republic, Theaetetus, and Philebus, reconstructs Pyrrhonian investigation and thought, and illuminates the connections between ancient skepticism and relativism, as well as the Stoic view that beliefs do not even merit the evaluations \"true\" and \"false.\"\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKatja Maria Vogt\u003c\/strong\u003e is Professor of Philosophy, at Columbia University. She is the author of \u003cem\u003eLaw, Reason, and the Cosmic City\u003c\/em\u003e (OUP, 2007)\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50318204338450,"sku":"9780190277192","price":56.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_c3119010-f8a8-4e88-aec4-1c284e849644.jpg?v=1727550873"},{"product_id":"slap-in-the-face-why-insults-hurt-and-why-they-shouldnt-9780190665043","title":"Slap in the Face: Why Insults Hurt--And Why They Shouldn't","description":"\u003cp\u003eInsults are part of the fabric of daily life. But why do we insult each other? Why do insults cause us such pain? Can we do anything to prevent or lessen this pain? Most importantly, how can we overcome our inclination to insult others?\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn \u003cem\u003eA Slap in the Face, \u003c\/em\u003e William Irvine undertakes a wide-ranging investigation of insults, their history, the role they play in social relationships, and the science behind them. He examines not just memorable zingers, such as Elizabeth Bowen's description of Aldous Huxley as \"The stupid person's idea of a clever person,\" but subtle insults as well, such as when someone insults us by reporting the insulting things others have said about us: \"I never read bad reviews about myself,\" wrote entertainer Oscar Levant, \"because my best friends invariably tell me about them.\" Irvine also considers the role insults play in our society: they can be used to cement relations, as when a woman playfully teases her husband, or to enforce a social hierarchy, as when a boss publicly berates an employee. He goes on to investigate the many ways society has tried to deal with insults-by adopting codes of politeness, for example, and outlawing hate speech-but concludes that the best way to deal with insults is to immunize ourselves against them: We need to transform ourselves in the manner recommended by Stoic philosophers. We should, more precisely, become insult pacifists, trying hard not to insult others and laughing off their attempts to insult us.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eA rousing follow-up to \u003cem\u003eA Guide to the Good Life, A Slap in the Face\u003c\/em\u003e will interest anyone who's ever delivered an insult or felt the sting of one--in other words, everyone.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWilliam B. Irvine \u003c\/strong\u003eis Professor of Philosophy at Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio. His books include \u003cem\u003eA Guide to the Good Life: The Ancient Art of Stoic Joy\u003c\/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eOn Desire: Why We Want What We Want\u003c\/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eAha!: The Moments of Insight that Shape Our World\u003c\/em\u003e.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Oxford University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50318226948370,"sku":"9780190665043","price":15.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_e8584525-1c2b-4d23-9f14-615b0596c34b.jpg?v=1727551264"},{"product_id":"the-greek-praise-of-poverty-origins-of-ancient-cynicism-9780268025823","title":"The Greek Praise of Poverty: Origins of Ancient Cynicism","description":"William Desmond, taking issue with typical assessments of the ancient Cynics, contends that figures such as Antisthenes and Diogenes were not cultural outcasts or marginal voices in the classical culture of the fifth and fourth centuries B.C. Rather, the Cynic movement had deep and significant roots in what Desmond calls \"the Greek praise of poverty.\" Desmond demonstrates that classical attitudes toward wealth were complex and ambivalent, and allowed for an implicit praise of poverty and the virtues it could inspire. From an economic and political point of view, the poor majority at Athens and elsewhere were natural democrats who distrusted great concentrations of wealth as potentially oligarchical or tyrannical. Hence, the poor could be praised in contemporary literature for their industry, honesty, frugality, and temperance. The rich, on the other hand, were often criticized as idle, unjust, arrogant, and profligate. These perspectives were reinforced by typical Greek experiences of war, and the belief that poverty fostered the virtues of courage and endurance. Finally, from an early date, Greek philosophers associated wisdom with the transcendence of sense experience and of such worldly values as wealth and honor. The Cynics, Desmond asserts, assimilated all of these ideas in creating their distinctive and radical brand of asceticism. Theirs was a startling and paradoxical outlook, but it had broad appeal and would persist to exert a manifold influence in the Hellenistic period and beyond.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eWilliam D. Desmond is a lecturer in the Department of Classics at Trinity College, Dublin.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"University of Notre Dame Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50318777516306,"sku":"9780268025823","price":31.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_54dc86e9-6712-46d2-8cc1-1a87859d2c65.jpg?v=1727560851"},{"product_id":"subversive-virtue-asceticism-and-authority-in-the-second-century-pagan-world-9780271034256","title":"Subversive Virtue: Asceticism and Authority in the Second-Century Pagan World","description":"\u003cp\u003eMuch attention has been devoted in recent years to Christian asceticism in Late Antiquity. But Christianity did not introduce asceticism to the ancient world. An underlying theme of this fascinating study of pagan asceticism is that much of the work on Christian \"holy men\" has ignored earlier manifestations of asceticism in Antiquity and the way Roman society confronted it. Accordingly, James Francis turns to the second century, the \"balmy late afternoon of Rome's classical empire,\" when the conflict between asceticism and authority reached a turning point. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFrancis begins with the emperor Marcus Aurelius (121-180), who warned in his \u003ci\u003eMeditations\u003c\/i\u003e against \"display[ing] oneself as a man keen to impress others with a reputation for asceticism or beneficence.\" The Stoic Aurelius saw ascetic self-discipline as a virtue, but one to be exercised in moderation. Like other Roman aristocrats of his day, he perceived practitioners of ostentatious physical asceticism as a threat to prevailing norms and the established order. Prophecy, sorcery, miracle working, charismatic leadership, expressions of social discontent, and advocacy of alternative values regarding wealth, property, marriage, and sexuality were the issues provoking the controversy. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIf Aurelius defined the acceptable limits of ascetical practice, then the poet Lucian depicted the threat ascetics were perceived to pose to the social status quo through his biting satire. In an eye-opening analysis of Philostratus's \u003ci\u003eLife of Apollonius of Tyana\u003c\/i\u003e, Francis shows how Roman society reined in its deviant ascetics by \"rehabilitating\" them into pillars of traditional values. Celsus's \u003ci\u003eTrue Doctrine \u003c\/i\u003eshows how the views pagans held of their own ascetics influenced their negative view of Christianity. Finally, Francis points out striking parallels between the conflict over pagan asceticism and its Christian counterpart. By treating pagan asceticism seriously in its own right, Francis establishes the context necessary for understanding the great flowering of asceticism in Late Antiquity\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eJames A. Francis is Visiting Assistant Professor of Classics at Rollins College.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Penn State University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50318804713746,"sku":"9780271034256","price":38.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_3de06064-21c2-489b-901a-f33f1643e867.jpg?v=1727561152"},{"product_id":"the-origin-of-philosophy-9780393001280","title":"The Origin of Philosophy","description":"\u003cp\u003eOrtega deals here with the roots and historical justification of philosophy, and the question of philosophy's essential unity.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"W. W. 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The author shows how only with a complete understanding of the implications and significance of these value-words can the essence of the Greeks and their society be grasped.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"W. W. Norton \u0026 Company","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50323989790994,"sku":"9780393008265","price":14.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_938ae460-8819-4f5a-bda5-b257e63694db.jpg?v=1727663604"},{"product_id":"the-cynics-the-cynic-movement-in-antiquity-and-its-legacy-volume-23-9780520216457","title":"The Cynics: The Cynic Movement in Antiquity and Its Legacy Volume 23","description":"This collection of essays-the first of its kind in English-brings together the work of an international group of scholars examining the entire tradition associated with the ancient Cynics. The essays give a history of the movement as well as a state-of-the-art account of the literary, philosophical and cultural significance of Cynicism from antiquity to the present.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eArguably the most original and influential branch of the Socratic tradition, Cynicism has become the focus of renewed scholarly interest in recent years, thanks to the work of Sloterdijk, Foucault, and Bakhtin, among others. The contributors to this volume-classicists, comparatists, and philosophers-draw on a variety of methodologies to explore the ethical, social and cultural practices inspired by the Cynics. The volume also includes an introduction, appendices, and an annotated bibliography, making it a valuable resource for a broad audience.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eR. 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A world where morality is ambiguous and the powerful humiliate and destroy the powerless. A world where justice always seems to be on both sides of a conflict and sugarcoated words serve as cover for clandestine operations of violence. A world rather like our own. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eThe ancient Greeks hold a mirror up to us in which we see all the desolation and delusion of our lives but also the terrifying beauty and intensity of existence. This is not a time for consolation prizes and the fatuous banalities of the self-help industry and pop philosophy. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eTragedy allows us to glimpse, in its harsh and unforgiving glare, the burning core of our aliveness. If we give ourselves the chance to look at tragedy, we might see further and more clearly.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSIMON CRITCHLEY\u003c\/b\u003e is Hans Jonas Professor of Philosophy at the New School for Social Research. His many books include \u003ci\u003eVery Little . . . Almost Nothing, The Book of Dead Philosophers, The Faith of the Faithless, \u003c\/i\u003eand \u003ci\u003eMemory Theater. \u003c\/i\u003eHe is the series moderator of \"The Stone,\" a philosophy column in\u003ci\u003e The New York Times, \u003c\/i\u003eto which he is a frequent contributor.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Vintage","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50325173010706,"sku":"9780525564645","price":12.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_9a94d8dc-94bb-4ad0-be34-ddabaec9590d.jpg?v=1727682431"},{"product_id":"records-of-ancient-races-in-the-mississippi-valley-9780548520628","title":"Records Of Ancient Races In The Mississippi Valley","description":"This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Kessinger Publishing","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50325281308946,"sku":"9780548520628","price":33.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_211aa2bd-c801-4e3a-93cb-08a24851bbf4.jpg?v=1727683595"},{"product_id":"philosophy-before-the-greeks-the-pursuit-of-truth-in-ancient-babylonia-9780691176352","title":"Philosophy Before the Greeks: The Pursuit of Truth in Ancient Babylonia","description":"\u003cp\u003eThere is a growing recognition that philosophy isn't unique to the West, that it didn't begin only with the classical Greeks, and that Greek philosophy was influenced by Near Eastern traditions. Yet even today there is a widespread assumption that what came before the Greeks was \"before philosophy.\" In \u003ci\u003ePhilosophy before the Greeks\u003c\/i\u003e, Marc Van De Mieroop, an acclaimed historian of the ancient Near East, presents a groundbreaking argument that, for three millennia before the Greeks, one Near Eastern people had a rich and sophisticated tradition of philosophy fully worthy of the name. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eIn the first century BC, the Greek historian Diodorus of Sicily praised the Babylonians for their devotion to philosophy. Showing the justice of Diodorus's comment, this is the first book to argue that there were Babylonian philosophers and that they studied knowledge systematically using a coherent system of logic rooted in the practices of cuneiform script. Van De Mieroop uncovers Babylonian approaches to knowledge in three areas: the study of language, which in its analysis of the written word formed the basis of all logic; the art of divination, which interpreted communications between gods and humans; and the rules of law, which confirmed that royal justice was founded on truth. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eThe result is an innovative intellectual history of the ancient Near Eastern world during the many centuries in which Babylonian philosophers inspired scholars throughout the region--until the first millennium BC, when the breakdown of this cosmopolitan system enabled others, including the Greeks, to develop alternative methods of philosophical reasoning.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eMarc Van De Mieroop\u003c\/b\u003e is professor of history at Columbia University. 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But what exactly does it mean to talk about \"Presocratic philosophy\" in the first place? How did early Greek thinkers come to be considered collectively as Presocratic philosophers? In this brief book, Andr? Laks provides a history of the influential idea of Presocratic philosophy, tracing its historical and philosophical significance and consequences, from its ancient antecedents to its full crystallization in the modern period and its continuing effects today. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eLaks examines ancient Greek and Roman views about the birth of philosophy before turning to the eighteenth-century emergence of the term \"Presocratics\" and the debates about it that spanned the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. He analyzes the intellectual circumstances that led to the idea of Presocratic philosophy--and what was and is at stake in the construction of the notion. The book closes by comparing two models of the history of philosophy--the phenomenological, represented by Hans-Georg Gadamer, and the rationalist, represented by Ernst Cassirer--and their implications for Presocratic philosophy, as well as other categories of philosophical history. Other figures discussed include Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, Diogenes Laertius, Schleiermacher, Hegel, Nietzsche, Max Weber, and J.-P. Vernant. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eChallenging standard histories of Presocratic philosophy, the book calls for a reconsideration of the conventional story of early Greek philosophy and Western rationality.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAbout the Author\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAndré Laks\u003c\/b\u003e teaches ancient philosophy at the Universidad Panamericana in Mexico City and previously taught at the University of Lille, Princeton University, and the University of Paris-Sorbonne. Laks and Glenn W. 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In the third part, Dee discusses the practical applications of the symbol, including its use in divination and magic.Throughout the book, Dee draws on a wide range of sources, including ancient Egyptian texts, Greek philosophy, and Christian mysticism. He also incorporates his own mathematical and scientific knowledge, making the book a unique blend of mysticism and rational inquiry.Overall, The Hieroglyphic Monad is a fascinating exploration of the symbolic language of hieroglyphics and its potential for unlocking the secrets of the universe. It is a must-read for anyone interested in the history of occult philosophy and the esoteric traditions of the Western world.1946. Translated into English for the first time, this book was written by the Elizabethan magus, Dr. John Dee in 1564. He explains his discovery of the monas, or unity underlying the universe, as seen in a hieroglyph or symbol. The monad is representative of the alchemic process and goal of the magus, who in partaking of the divine, achieves that gnostic regenerative experience of becoming God and thus furthering the redemption and transmutation of the worlds.This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the old original and may contain some imperfections such as library marks and notations. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions, that are true to their original work.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Kessinger Publishing","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50332641657106,"sku":"9781161372335","price":33.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_0c618f6a-e6ab-4bc5-b724-a206469f6c57.jpg?v=1727841261"},{"product_id":"orpheus-and-the-mysteries-of-dionysos-9781161591330","title":"Orpheus And The Mysteries Of Dionysos","description":"Orpheus and the Mysteries of Dionysos is a book written by Edouard Schure that explores the ancient Greek myth of Orpheus and his connection to the god Dionysos. The book delves into the mysteries and rituals of the Dionysian cult, which was known for its wild and ecstatic celebrations.Schure examines the myth of Orpheus, a musician and poet who could charm even the gods with his music. He tells the story of Orpheus' journey to the underworld to retrieve his beloved Eurydice, and the tragic consequences that followed.The book also explores the role of Dionysos, the god of wine and fertility, in Greek mythology and religion. Schure describes the various rituals and ceremonies associated with the cult of Dionysos, including the Bacchanalia, a festival of wine and revelry.Throughout the book, Schure draws connections between the myth of Orpheus and the mysteries of Dionysos, suggesting that they are two sides of the same coin. He argues that both are expressions of the human desire for transcendence and spiritual ecstasy.Overall, Orpheus and the Mysteries of Dionysos is a fascinating exploration of ancient Greek mythology and religion, and the enduring appeal of these stories and traditions.THIS 72 PAGE ARTICLE WAS EXTRACTED FROM THE BOOK: The Great Initiates Part 1, by Edouard Schure. To purchase the entire book, please order ISBN 0766131467.This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the old original and may contain some imperfections such as library marks and notations. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions, that are true to their original work.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Kessinger Publishing","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50332648112402,"sku":"9781161591330","price":32.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_055ace79-b5a5-4b55-936f-c7540cbc035f.jpg?v=1727841371"},{"product_id":"antiquity-of-the-holy-royal-arch-9781162601489","title":"Antiquity of the Holy Royal Arch","description":"Antiquity of the Holy Royal Arch is a book written by F. de P. Castells that explores the history and origins of the Holy Royal Arch, a degree of Freemasonry. The book delves into the symbolism, rituals, and teachings of the Holy Royal Arch, tracing its roots back to ancient civilizations and religions. Castells examines the role of the Holy Royal Arch in Freemasonry and its significance to the fraternity. The book also includes a detailed analysis of the symbolism and allegory used in the degree, providing readers with a deeper understanding of its meaning. Antiquity of the Holy Royal Arch is a valuable resource for Freemasons and anyone interested in the history and symbolism of this important degree.1927. The Holy Royal Arch is the supreme degree in Freemasonry. God manifests Himself as a combination of three distinct powers: mind, will, emotion. This fact has inspired the Royal Arch and accounts for much of its symbolism. Contents: elements of the Royal Arch; question of men and dates; Speculative Freemasonry; Kabbalism; our connection with the Kabbalists; Hebraic element; geometry of the Royal Arch; astronomy of the Royal Arch; antiquity of the Royal Arch; mystery of Aleph, Beth, Lamed; mystery of J.B.O.; internal evidence; degeneracy; R.A. mysticism.This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the old original and may contain some imperfections such as library marks and notations. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions, that are true to their original work.\u003cbr\u003e","brand":"Kessinger Publishing","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50332673310994,"sku":"9781162601489","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0831\/4771\/8930\/files\/img_61ff9fae-c226-492b-824f-27d32e4caf74.jpg?v=1727841910"},{"product_id":"on-sophistical-refutations-9781169209275","title":"On Sophistical Refutations","description":"On Sophistical Refutations is a treatise written by the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle. In this book, Aristotle examines the various ways in which arguments can be used to deceive or mislead people, and provides a framework for identifying and refuting these fallacious arguments. He discusses a range of common fallacies, including those that involve equivocation, ambiguity, and false analogies, and provides examples of how these fallacies can be used to create persuasive but ultimately flawed arguments. Throughout the book, Aristotle emphasizes the importance of clear and precise reasoning, and provides practical advice on how to construct sound arguments and avoid fallacious ones. On Sophistical Refutations is considered a foundational work in the field of logic, and has influenced philosophical and scientific thought for centuries.First we must grasp the number of aims entertained by those who argue as competitors and rivals to the death. These are five in number, refutation, fallacy, paradox, solecism, and fifthly to reduce the opponent in the discussion to babbling-i.e. to constrain him to repeat himself a number of times: or it is to produce the appearance of each of these things without the reality.This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the old original and may contain some imperfections such as library marks and notations. 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But one day I made a decision that changed everything. I dedicated my life to learn everything about inner peace, happiness and the nature of reality. And finally, I started to experience more peace, health, and happiness. My life improved massively: I lost 50 pounds, I started living my passion and significantly improved my income. Everything I write comes from my heart. My goal is to help others to live the fulfilled and stress-free life they were meant to live. So thanks for exploring my books. My hope is that they will enlighten your path as they did for me. Erik has read over 200 books in the field of meditation, mindfulness, and metaphysics. He has undertaken over 20 trips to India, a country where mindfulness and meditation are still commonly used in everyday life. 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